Description
Data Transfer Rates and Throughput
Data transfer rates and throughput are two important metrics for measuring the speed and efficiency of data transmission.
Data transfer rate refers to the amount of data that can be transferred per second between two devices. This can be expressed in terms of bits per second (bps), bytes per second (Bps), or some other unit of measurement. Higher data transfer rates generally mean faster and more efficient data transmission.
Throughput, on the other hand, refers to the actual amount of data that is successfully transmitted between two devices over a given period of time. This takes into account factors such as network latency, errors, and congestion, which can affect the overall efficiency of data transmission. Throughput is often expressed in terms of bits per second (bps) or bytes per second (Bps).
Factors that can affect data transfer rates and throughput include:
- Network bandwidth: This refers to the amount of data that can be transmitted over a network at any given time. Higher bandwidth generally means higher data transfer rates and throughput.
- Network congestion: When multiple devices are trying to transmit data over a network at the same time, network congestion can occur, which can slow down data transfer rates and reduce throughput.
- Latency: This refers to the time it takes for data to travel between two devices over a network. Higher latency can cause delays in data transmission, which can reduce throughput.
- Protocol overhead: Network protocols such as TCP/IP add extra data to each packet of information that is transmitted, which can reduce overall data transfer rates and throughput.
To improve data transfer rates and throughput, it’s important to optimize network performance by minimizing network congestion, reducing latency, and using efficient network protocols. Other factors, such as the type of hardware and the distance between devices, can also affect data transfer rates and throughput.
Rotational Speed and Latency
Rotational speed and latency are two important factors that affect the performance of traditional hard disk drives (HDDs).
Rotational speed refers to the speed at which the disk inside the HDD rotates. This is typically measured in revolutions per minute (RPM). Higher rotational speeds generally mean faster read and write times, as the read/write head can access data more quickly. Most modern HDDs have rotational speeds of 5400 RPM or 7200 RPM, although some high-performance models can reach speeds of up to 15,000 RPM.
Latency, on the other hand, refers to the time it takes for the read/write head to access data on the disk. This includes the time it takes for the disk to rotate so that the requested data is under the read/write head and the time it takes for the head to read or write the data. Latency is typically measured in milliseconds (ms). Lower latency means faster data access times.
The relationship between rotational speed and latency is complex. As the rotational speed increases, the latency generally decreases, as the read/write head spends less time waiting for the disk to rotate to the correct position. However, higher rotational speeds also mean that the read/write head has less time to access data during each rotation, so there can be a trade-off between speed and accuracy.
In addition to rotational speed and latency, other factors that can affect HDD performance include the density of the data on the disk, the size of the cache, and the interface used to connect the HDD to the computer.
It’s worth noting that solid state drives (SSDs), which use flash memory instead of spinning disks to store data, do not have rotational speed or latency. Instead, their performance is primarily determined by factors such as the type of memory used, the size of the cache, and the interface used to connect the SSD to the computer.
Drive Form Factor and Size
Drive form factor and size refer to the physical dimensions and shape of a storage device such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or solid-state drive (SSD). The size and form factor of a drive are important considerations when selecting a storage device, as they determine the compatibility of the drive with various systems and applications.
The most common form factors for HDDs and SSDs are:
- 3.5-inch form factor: This is the largest form factor for HDDs and is commonly used in desktop computers and enterprise storage systems. These drives typically have a capacity of up to 16TB.
- 2.5-inch form factor: This form factor is commonly used in laptops and other mobile devices, as well as in some desktop computers. These drives are smaller than 3.5-inch drives and have a maximum capacity of up to 5TB.
- 1.8-inch form factor: This form factor is used in some small mobile devices, such as portable media players and handheld gaming consoles. These drives have a maximum capacity of up to 320GB.
- M.2 form factor: This is a small form factor used in newer laptops, tablets, and other mobile devices. M.2 drives are designed to be installed directly on the motherboard and come in various lengths, with the most common lengths being 42mm, 60mm, and 80mm. M.2 drives can have a maximum capacity of up to 2TB.
- PCIe form factor: This is a form factor that connects to the PCIe interface and is commonly used in high-performance applications, such as gaming and video editing. These drives can have a maximum capacity of up to 8TB.
In addition to the form factor, the size of a drive is also determined by its storage capacity, which is measured in gigabytes (GB) or terabytes (TB). Larger capacity drives typically have more physical storage platters and require more power to operate, which can impact their performance and heat output.
Detail Description
- Manufacturer: HPE
- MPN: 872489-B21
- Type : Hard Drive Hot-Swap
- HDD-Type : 2TB-7.2K RPM
- SKU: 872489-B21
- Spare Part Number: 872771-001
- Model Number: MB002000GWCBD
- Model Number: MB002000GWFGH
- Model Number: MB002000GWFVT
- Model Number: MB002000GWFWA
- Model Number: MB002000GWFWL
- Assembly Number: 866122-002
- Assembly Number: 871332-002
- Assembly Number: 872293-001
- Assembly Number: 872295-001
- Assembly Number: 872329-002
Technical Information
- Capacity: 2 TB
- Form Factor: 3.5 inch LFF
- Bytes per Sector: 512
- Drive Technology (Fill): Air
- Format Type: 512e
- Carrier Type: Smart Carrier (SC)
- Workload: Midline
- Features: Advanced Format 512e, Digitally Signed Firmware
- Bundled with: HPE SmartDrive Carrier
Performance
- Transfer Rate Synchronous (Max): 6GB/Sec
- Rotational Speed: 7200 RPM
- Average Seek Time: 7.45 MS
- Max Seek Time: 14.2 MS
- Track-to-Track Seek Time: 0.32 MS
- OD Media Rate, Max Sequential Throughput (MiB/s): 215
- 128Kib Random 50% RD/ 50% WT(IOPs): 110
Expansion & Connectivity
- Interfaces: 1 x SATA 6 Gb/s
- Compatible Bay: 3.5inch LFF
Power Consumption
- Idle Time: 8.8 Watts
- Random R/W: 12.1 Watts
- Power Sequential Read: 10.8 Watts
- Power Sequential Write: 10.5 Watts
Environmental Parameters
- Min Operating Temperature: 50° F (10° C)
- Operating Temperature: 95° F (35° C)
Dimension and Weight
- Width : 4 Inch
- Depth : 5.8 Inch
- Height : 1 Inch
- Weight : 1.52 Lbs
Compatibility Information
- HPE ProLiant DL Series: DL20 Gen9 Solution (3.5 inch), DL360 Gen10 (3.5 inch), DL360 Gen10 Base (3.5 inch), DL360 Gen10 Entry (3.5 inch), DL360 Gen10 High Performance (3.5 inch), DL360 Gen10 Low (3.5 inch), DL360 Gen10 Performance (3.5 inch), DL360 Gen10 Solution (3.5 inch), DL380 Gen10 (3.5 inch), DL380 Gen10 Base (3.5 inch), DL380 Gen10 Entry (3.5 inch), DL380 Gen10 High Performance (3.5 inch), DL380 Gen10 Performance (3.5 inch), DL380 Gen10 Solution (3.5 inch), DL385 Gen10 (3.5 inch), DL385 Gen10 Base (3.5 inch), DL385 Gen10 Entry (3.5 inch), DL385 Gen10 High-Performance (3.5 inch), DL385 Gen10 Performance (3.5 inch), DL385 Gen10 Solution (3.5 inch), DL388 Gen9 (3.5 inch), DL388 Gen9 Base (3.5 inch)
- HPE ProLiant DL Series: ML110 Gen9 (3.5 inch), ML110 Gen9 Base (3.5 inch), ML110 Gen9 Entry (3.5 inch), ML150 Gen9 (3.5 inch), ML150 Gen9 Base (3.5 inch), ML150 Gen9 Entry (3.5 inch), ML150 Gen9 Performance (3.5 inch), ML30 Gen9 Entry (3.5 inch), ML30 Gen9 Solution (3.5 inch), ML350 Gen9 (3.5 inch), ML350 Gen9 Base (3.5 inch), ML350 Gen9 Entry (3.5 inch), ML350 Gen9 Performance (3.5 inch)
